Around 675, the gold coin was replaced by a coin of lower value, the silver
denier Denier
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A silver coin and the basic unit of currency until the French Revolution. The first Carolingians made efforts to reclaim the state monopoly on money production and to reduce the number of mints. Under the reign of Pepin (751-768), a minting workshop continued to operate within the monastery, as shown by this trial piece that was found in the filled-in trench of the aqueduct. The irregularly-shaped lead plate bears the impress of two coin dies, which were tested by a die-cutter before being used to mint coins. The dies correspond to a denier whose obverse bears the monogram RP (
rex Pippinus) and, on the reverse, in three lines, the inscription AVT/TRA/NO. It is thought that this is an abbreviation for
antistitio regio Dionusiaco ("made by the - fiat of the - royal abbey of Saint-Denis"), but this is still a matter of discussion.
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